How do applicant tracking systems (ATS) work, and how can I optimize my resume for them?

Applicant Tracking Systems scan, parse and rank resumes so recruiters can search, filter and shortlist candidates. They extract contact info, job titles, dates, skills and education, match keywords and sometimes score or rank applicants using Boolean/semantic searches or simple ML. Parsing struggles with nonstandard layouts, images, columns and PDFs that aren’t text-searchable.

How to optimize:

• Tailor each resume to the job: mirror important keywords and phrases from the job description.
• Use standard headings (Experience, Education, Skills, Certifications) so the ATS can locate sections.
• Favor simple, linear layout: no tables, text boxes, images, or headers/footers with vital info.
• Use common fonts and plain bullet points; include dates (month/year) and locations for roles.
• Include both acronyms and full terms (e.g., “SEO” and “Search Engine Optimization”).
• Put hard skills and tools in a dedicated Skills section.
• Save as DOCX unless the employer asks for PDF; ensure PDFs are text-based, not scanned images.
• Quantify achievements where possible to help human reviewers.

Want me to tailor phrasing and keywords to a specific job posting or industry?